The Buzz
TNI's Daily Media Monitor 
Black Mormons and Identity Politics at the Times
The New York Times wants to understand how people in the flyover states are feeling about the upcoming presidential contest. So they sent reporter Susan Saulny to Utah investigate a key battleground constituency: African-American Mormons. The result was a splashy photo-laden piece for its National section titled "For Black Mormons, a Political Choice Like No Other."
The headline is an attention getter. But is this story really worthy of numerous column inches in what many consider the newspaper of record? As Saulny admits, African-Americans "represent only a tiny fraction of the six million Mormons in the United States."
If African-American Mormons are so rare, then why not focus on a group more likely to impact the November result? Mormons who support the decidedly anti-Romney Ron Paul probably far exceed the number who happen to be black. Haven't libertarian Mormons also been presented with a "choice like no other"?
Roughly one-third of the nation's six million Mormons live in Utah, a state that is usually one of the most solid red for Republicans. While Saulny did talk with African-American Mormons living outside Salt Lake City—including the "hundreds" who live in such blue places as Washington, Chicago and New York—this small number isn't likely to have much impact on election results.
The premise of this piece seems to be that identity with race and religion are likely to be the strongest factors in voting decisions, particularly among minority groups. In some cases, this may be true. But overemphasizing this factor demeans voters who stray from the ideologies typically associated with a given minority group. One can imagine some Times readers gawking at the this story's subjects like they are political circus freaks.
Another version of this piece might have been an interesting sidebar for the Times' Sunday magazine, but as the lead story of the National section this howler reinforces the old stereotype of racial and religious minorities as political pawns—and implies that elections should turn on complex and highly-charged questions of race and religion.
Why Romney Doesn't Need Image Consultants
Lately many commentators have whipped themselves into a foam claiming that Obama can “define” Mitt Romney in a way that would prevent a GOP win in November. They claim we’re at a critical time for image branding, when voters’ minds are still open and uncluttered before the convention. Political scientist Brendan Nyhan does not agree.
Writing in the Columbia Journalism Review, Nyhan argues that journalists are overblowing the risk that Romney will be pigeonholed early. Contrary to the notion that Americans’ minds are a blank slate for whatever image the Obama camp wants to paint of Romney, Nyhan cites research that suggests otherwise: “The latest Gallup poll finds that 91% of Americans already have an opinion of [Romney].” They’ve also found that “Romney’s favorable numbers are predictably improving as Republicans and GOP-leaning independents return to the fold.”
To further dampen the hype of journalists pushing the “image war,” Nyhan consulted with fellow political scientists Christopher Wlezien and Robert Erikson. They found that pre-convention “news about the campaign affects voters but is eventually forgotten and thus has little impact on the final outcome.” It seems that candidates’ images are more often a reflection of their past performance than a cause of it.
Nyhan’s says that it's easy to select candidates who lost after the act and then claim that their image ratings were the problem. Some have pointed to Michael Dukakis, Bob Dole and John Kerry as prime examples. Yet Nyhan counters with a great point: these three candidates lost in economic circumstances “that would lead us to expect the incumbent party to hold the White House. The state of the economy—and the extent to which Obama is blamed for it—is still most likely to determine Romney’s fate.” In short, it seems relatively certain that “it matters far more how Obama is defined than Romney, whose image is likely to matter only on the margin.”
Nyhan’s piece is a smart take on this new stage of the election.
Wieseltier Ignores the Costs of Intervention
Leon Wieseltier’s latest column in the New Republic aims to expose the hollowness of Washington’s current policy regarding the ongoing violence in Syria. In reality, his piece does more to demonstrate the weakness of his own case for intervention.
Wieseltier’s principal target is the appeal to “complexity” as a justification for staying out of the fight. He says that realists and others have simply dismissed the prospect of intervention by saying that the situation in Syria “is complicated.” His response is that every significant public-policy issue is complicated, and that therefore “the appeal to complexity is almost always selective.” He terms this “the paralyzing effect of nuance,” contending that those who raise the issue of complexity are exploiting it “as a warrant for passivity.”
Wieseltier never defines exactly who is making this argument or quotes anyone directly. Small wonder, since he is attacking a total straw man. No one has simply said, “The situation in Syria is complicated, therefore we should stay out—end of story.” Rather, the case against intervention more often goes something like this: “There are no plausible policy options right now that present a good probability of achieving the desired outcome (removing Bashar al-Assad from power) at an acceptable cost.” Nothing in Wieseltier’s piece gives us any reason to doubt that this is true. He says he wants the United States to “take decisive action” but never defines what he means by that.
Indeed, Wieseltier seems fundamentally unconcerned by the issue of costs. Toward the end of his essay, responding to the charge that Americans are tired of war, he writes a truly amazing sentence: “I am of the party of American energy, which believes that America can never be tired, because the stakes for the world are too high.” In this view, there is no burden that America shouldn’t be prepared to shoulder, no injustice that we shouldn’t set right anywhere in the world. When that is your attitude, what war can’t you justify? This cavalier approach makes Wieseltier’s piece deeply flawed.
The Wright Approach
Let’s stipulate that there’s no political advantage in Republicans resurrecting the question of the true nature of President Obama’s twenty-year relationship with the Rev. Jeremiah Wright, whatever it was before the Illinois senator left Wright’s church during the 2008 presidential campaign. And let’s accept that whatever there is to be said about that relationship probably has already been said.
Washington Post columnist Kathleen Parker seems to agree with those stipulations. Yet she raises disturbing questions in response to reports that a GOP political strategist and billionaire donor contemplated raising the issue again in an effort to defeat Obama’s reelection bid. The reaction was so swift and severe that they quickly abandoned the idea.
Parker asks the question of just how close Obama was to the fiery Chicago preacher, whose fulminations could be called anti-white racism. As Parker notes, Wright inspired the title of one of Obama’s books. He conducted the Obamas’ wedding ceremony and baptized the Obama girls. He led the family prayer when Obama announced his first presidential run. That seems like a pretty close relationship, and it begs the question of what Obama really thought about Wright’s persistent anti-white rhetoric.
And yet she notes: “Four years later, the mere mention of Wright by political opponents is considered racist.” She raises questions of political equity when the putative Republican candidate for president, Mitt Romney, is forced on the defensive by such an independent ad proposal, which was leaked to The New York Times and appeared on the paper’s front page.
“Romney is nothing like a racist,” writes Parker, “yet suddenly he is forced to distance himself from ads about which he knew nothing.”
This is merely another example of Democrats and Democratic-leaning journalists curtailing the range of political discourse in America by forcing opponents on the defensive on delicate racial questions. It probably isn’t smart politics to press such an issue now against a sitting president so long after it was vetted—however inadequately—four years ago. But raising it is neither racist nor inappropriate. In saying so, Kathleen Parker has rendered a smart analysis.
What Brussels Can Learn From Ancient Rome
The Eurozone has so far lasted 13 years. But Rome's single currency lasted for 400 years, as Gilles Bransbourg, a researcher at New York University pointed out this week on the public radio show The World.
How was an ancient world power able to achieve this kind of economic unity over such a large and diverse area? According to Bransbourg, the Romans didn't demand uniformity: They let conquered peoples keep their local currencies in use alongside Roman denominations.
This was all part of a larger strategy of the Romans, who realized in keeping a far-flung empire together it helped to "leave as much as possible to local authorities." (This sounds like the modern principle of subsidiarity, to which EU officials have often payed lip service, but in practice ignored.)
Bransbourg speculates that "If the euro had been devised not as a monopolistic currency," but instead as an additional means of exchange, then Greece and other troubled economies would not have been given perverse incentives—low interest rates enabled by the European Central Bank—to borrow too much. Prior to the euro, many nations participated in an arrangement called the European Currency Unit (ECU), an artificial basket of currencies of member states. Bransbourg suggests that the EU might want to back away from a single currency and reestablish something like the ECU.
Economists may not find Bransbourg's proposal very persuasive, but his clever comparison with the ancient world is notable. It shows that once again, our contemporary predicaments are not as unprecedented as we imagine.
Enslaved by Citizenship?
If you’re curious about Michele Bachmann’s recent foray into Swiss citizenship or outraged over Eduardo Saverin’s decision to renounce his U.S. citizenship and run off to Singapore with his Facebook winnings, Jacqueline Stevens has a way to slake such curiosity and assuage such outrage: Abolish the United States.
Stevens, a political science professor at Northwestern University, hates nationalism so much that she wants to rid the world of nations. As she puts it, writing in The New York Times: “We need governments, but we don’t need nations.”
The good professor thinks it’s ridiculous for countries to convey citizenship on the basis of territorial birth. Why not let people just wander the globe looking for the best place to live, and then everyone can be the citizen of whatever country in which he or she happens to alight? She explains, “People should be free to move across borders; they should be citizens of the states where they happen to reside—period.”
I like that “period.” It denotes the finality of her argument and its presumed impregnability from silly nationalists such as myself.
But if I may, Professor, how do you figure that this approach would, as you say, “help end inequality among countries, by letting people move for greater opportunity”?
In fact, as anyone with half a brain knows, such a global practice, even if practicable, wouldn’t end inequality among countries at all. It would instead create chaos and poverty, as rich countries would be brought down by an inundation of teeming—and unabsorbable—masses desperate to better their station while poor countries would deteriorate into ghost countries.
But why am I even trying to counter such cotton-candy propositions and outlandish anti-Americanism? Perhaps because of this passage:
“Impossible? Utopian? That was the response to those who proposed the elimination of slavery.” So Stevens conflates Americans who wish to preserve their nation’s sovereignty and borders with those who defended Southern slavery in the 1850s. It’s difficult to imagine a level of mental abstraction that would conjure up such an analogy.
Her suggestion is impossible, and, yes, utopian. And it’s a howler.
Obama's Flawed Yemen Strategy
This week, Micah Zenko answered a nagging foreign-policy question: What, exactly, are we doing in Yemen?
His conclusion: nothing good.
Writing on his Politics, Power, and Preventive Action blog, Zenko puts forth several solid arguments illustrating the flaws in the Obama administration’s Yemen policy, which he calls “America’s Third War.” Broadly, these points fall into three categories.
The first is blowback. Citing the increasing number of drone strikes (“there have been more drone strikes in the past month . . . than in the preceding nine years”), he aptly warns of the resentment likely to be engendered among average Yemenis. One need look no further than the “fervent and impassioned opposition to drones” in Pakistan to see the danger here.
The second is a lack of clearly defined targets. One consequence of waging a quasi war, it seems, is having only quasi-defined strategic goals. Zenko points to contradictions within the administration, with one expert describing Obama’s strategy “to kill or capture about two dozen of al-Qaeda’s most dangerous operatives” and another expressing the administration’s determination to destroy and eliminate the “more than a thousand members” remaining in al-Qaeda.
Just who should be in the crosshairs is also at issue; since “AQAP’s antigovernment insurgency and its terrorist plotting against the West are two sides of the same coin,” the odds of targeting only anti-American terrorists and avoiding run-in-the-mill insurgents are low. To come full circle, unintentionally targeting insurgents engenders the sort of resentment that could make them terrorists.
These are valid, thoughtful arguments. But they pale in comparison Zenko’s third point: Obama’s strategy in Yemen isn’t working. Concerted military and intelligence efforts “should have...[offered] some early warning of AQAP’s strength, as well as a platform for in-country policies to prevent and mitigate AQAP’s reach.” Quite simply, they didn’t. In Zenko’s words, “the steady accretion of U.S. intelligence collection and strike capabilities have failed to reduce the threat of terrorist plots from Yemen.”
The piece is analytically sound and rather smart. But if Zenko’s aim was to prove the administration’s policy in Yemen is flawed, he could have skipped straight to his final point.
Obama’s Hubby State
Of all the commentary unleashed by "The Life of Julia," the Barack Obama campaign’s interactive web ad that follows a faceless cartoon "everywoman" through life, probably the most perceptive is Jessica Gavora’s analysis in the Washington Post Outlook section. Gavora notes that the ads touch on such life milestones as education, work, motherhood, retirement. But one is missing: marriage.
There is a reason for this: Democratic operatives increasingly see unmarried women as a crucial voting bloc. Indeed, she says, these women represent "the most reliably Democratic voting group outside African Americans" –manifest in Obama’s 71-to-29 percent majority among such voters in 2008.
But there is a problem. These women don’t vote in the same numbers as married women. So "Julia" really is a clever get-out-the-vote effort aimed at luring to the polls a much higher proportion of these reliable Democratic voters. And the way to do that is to tout government programs designed to assist and benefit women—educational assistance at early stages of life, equal-pay requirements for later life stages, set-asides for entrepreneurial women seeking Small Business Administration loans, free health screenings, insurance for contraceptives, retirement benefits. In other words, just about cradle to grave.
Polls show women generally favor such governmental largess far more than men do, and single women tilt even further in that direction. But it’s intriguing to note that, while single women tilt toward the Democrats, they tend to revert back to previous voting patterns once they get remarried.
And so the Democratic Party has begun to combat marriage in subtle ways. Says Gavora: "The decline of marriage and Democratic political opportunism have combined to transform what used to be a situation to be avoided—single motherhood—into a new and proud American demographic, citizens of Obama’s Hubby State." The political significance of this, as Gavora notes, is seen in the fact that most of American households are now headed by unmarried people.
And so, says Gavora in this smart analysis, it’s inevitable that Democrats would exploit this cultural decline by offering governmental protection and comfort as a substitute for a husband.
No Magical Solution for Syria
A recent lead editorial in the Washington Post is one of those pieces of writing where every sentence may well be true, but the overall result is dangerously misleading. The subject is Syria, where the Post blasts the Obama administration for its handling of the ongoing crisis.
The Post contends that Washington’s approach, working through the UN and the “Annan plan,” has been a failure. It argues that continued inaction “will allow Mr. Assad to go on killing indefinitely.” It also notes that the longer the conflict goes on unresolved, the greater the risk will be of other developments more directly threatening to U.S. interests. These include extremist groups such as al-Qaeda taking advantage of the chaos and sectarian war spreading across Syria’s borders to countries like Iraq and Turkey.
These critiques are all fair. But the editorial does not advance a single policy prescription for what the United States ought to do instead. Of course, as many have noted before, there are no good options for what to do about Syria now. Should Washington arm the Syrian rebels? What if that only leads to a prolonged and intensified civil war? Should the United States then send in troops to remove Assad? The Post doesn’t openly suggest any of these steps, but it nonetheless bashes President Obama as if there is some magical solution out there that he’s simply too afraid to advocate for.
Indeed, this piece is marked by “the emotional urge to ‘do something’ in the face of obvious human suffering and bloodshed,” as Paul Pillar wrote here at TNI. While understandable, Pillar continues, “this tendency needs to be resisted because some possible measures that may help to satisfy this urge might only lead to different scenarios in which the humanitarian situation would be even worse.” No doubt there are risks to inaction, and the Post lays those risks out well. But its implicit presumption that any other course would automatically be better is what makes this editorial such an outright howler.
Dismissing the Facts on Afghanistan
Sam Schulman, writing in The Weekly Standard, exposes what he calls "the liberal habit of sanctimonious betrayal" of beleaguered peoples around the world whose plight these liberals previously had embraced as solemn causes. Fair enough. But in the process he takes a few digs at foreign policy "realists," such as Harvard’s Stephen Walt—who, concedes Shulman, was right in saying the Obama administration is preparing to "bug out" (Schulman’s words) on Afghanistan.
"But," he adds, "only true realists can forget that the Taliban have been beaten again and again on the battlefield by the Northern Alliance, NATO, and our own military forces….Only card-carrying realists can explain (though they never bother to do so) how it might be in our national interest to hand over a country in the neighborhood of several troublesome and often hostile powers—Iran, Russia, China, Pakistan—to a groupuscule of racial and sectarian supremacists…."
On the first point, Schulman seems to think that his pronouncements must be correct because they are his pronouncements. Consider what Democratic Senator Dianne Feinstein, chairman of Senate Intelligence, said on CNN recently (with her Republican House counterpart sitting next to her) following a trip to Afghanistan: "I think we’d both say that what we found is that the Taliban is stronger." Schulman might want to read (but he will never bother to do so) TNI’s March/April cover story by Michael Hart, a British military officer whose very different assessment of the situation in Afghanistan emanates from his own military experience there. He makes Schulman’s pronouncement about the Taliban having been "beaten again and again" look ridiculous.
Next, consider Schulman’s dismissive attitude toward America’s willingness to "hand over a country" in a dangerous neighborhood. He seems to be saying that the United States must maintain Afghanistan as a kind of beachhead in the region, a redoubt that we will never "hand over" and from which we will deal with nearby "troublesome and often hostile powers." Sounds a bit like the Iraq mission, doesn’t it? Only a card-carrying neocon would refuse to heed—or even see—that lesson.


