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Both leaders have signaled that they want an agreement resulting from the upcoming summit. There may be another framework with vague, reversible stipulations outlined in a document, but history and my pragmatic skepticism leads me to make an informed prediction that this summit will not lead to a verifiable denuclearization of North Korea, nor will the United States substantially weaken our sanctions campaign against North Korea. With the United States' upcoming 2020 elections, I doubt that Mr. Trump will make risky bets with Kim Jong-un. And knowing this, Kim Jong-un may be bold in his requests for concessions from Washington. While the summit's focus will be on security priorities, I do hope and trust that Mr. Trump will remember the human security and welfare of Kim Jong-un's citizens, and that he broach the topic of improving the welfare of all citizens, not just those in Pyongyang.

Jieun Baek is a Ph.D. candidate in Public Policy at the University of Oxford. Previously, she was a research fellow at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard University where she wrote North Korea’s Hidden Revolution: How the Information Underground is Transforming a Closed Society (Yale University Press, 2016). You can follow her on Twitter at @JieunBaek1.

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